Moscow University Bulletin. Series 21. Public Administration

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Russian policy towards the “rose revolution” in Georgia

Lomonosov Public Administration Journal. Series 21 2023. N 2. p.85-103

Alexander O. Naumov Dmitry V. Demin

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416

The article is devoted to the study of Russia’s policy towards the Rose revolution, which took place in November 2003 in Georgia. It became the first color revolution in the post-Soviet space, during which a complex of technologies for changing political regimes, tested in Serbia three years earlier, again demonstrated its eff ectiveness. Despite the fact that many aspects of this color revolution have received decent coverage in the scientifi c literature to date, the position and policy of the Russian state in relation to this coup d’etat still remain virtually unexplored. The article provides an overview of Russian-Georgian relations in the post-Soviet period, analyzes the reaction of the Russian authorities to the parliamentary elections held on November 2, 2003 in Georgia, evaluates and systematizes the statements and concrete steps of Russian politicians and diplomats during the implementation of the Rose revolution. The authors used documents from the Archive of Foreign Policy of the Russian Federation, many of which are being introduced into scientifi c circulation for the fi rst time, electronic resources of Russian state authorities, materials from leading Russian and foreign media. It is concluded that in order to preserve political stability in Georgia, Moscow took a neutral position and even contributed to the settlement of the internal crisis in the country, but as a result of the color revolution anti-Russian forces came to power in Tbilisi, whose policy subsequently led to a signifi cant deterioration of Russian-Georgian relations and to an aggravation of the situation in the South Caucasus region as a whole.

Keywords: Color revolutions; Rose revolution; Georgia; post-Soviet space; Russian-Georgian relations; Shevardnadze; Saakashvili; Burjanadze; Abashidze

Modernization of agriculture in the Russian Empire in the XIX century in offi cial documents and journalism

Lomonosov Public Administration Journal. Series 21 2023. N 1. p.151-168

Postike N.

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370

In the Russian Empire, the growth of popularity of agronomic science was
promoted by reformatory activity of Empress Catherine II. The lift ing of bans
on the export of Russian grain and the signing of the Manifesto’ On Freedom
of Entrepreneurship in 1775 turned agriculture from a traditional occupation
of the population into a profi table part of the state’s economy. The educational
activities of the Free Economic Society were aimed at popularizing the ideas
of enlightenment among the reprsentatives of the nobility. Due to the reception
of the Western European agronomic society, there was an awareness of
the value and practical signifi cance of the new science among landowners.
The formation of agricultural management institutions in the Russian Empire
was infl uenced by the initiatives of prominent political and public figures.
Governmental and public initiatives aimed at the development of agricultural
industry in the country were refl ected in the pages of books and magazines.
Simultaneously with the translations of foreign scientifi c literature, the journals
of the Free Economic Society begin to be published in the country. In the first
half of the XIX century — in the form of instructions and recommendations
based on the personal experience of rural owners, later — as serious scientific
research of Russian agricultural scientists. Th e use of the diachronic method
in presenting the material of the article makes it possible to determine the
change in approaches in understanding the problems of improving agricultural
productions. The study of these sources allows us to trace the evolution of
approaches to the modernisation of agricultural production in the refl ection
of public thought.

Keywords: history of Russia; history of agricultural; Russian Empire; management; agronomy; agricultural societies; agricultural educations; agricultural production

Interaction between legislative and executive bodies of state power in the federal budget process

Lomonosov Public Administration Journal. Series 21 2023. N 1. p.137-150

Bezrukov A.V. Kozhevnikov, O. A. Epifanov I.

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377

The main forms of interaction between legislative and executive bodies
of state power of the Russian Federation in the federal budget process are
identifi ed and considered. Particular attention is paid to the content and forms
of interaction of participants in the federal budget process from the point of
view of the implementation of the constitutional principle of separation of
powers, the factors infl uencing compliance with this principle are identified,
proposals for the development of constitutional interaction of participants in
the federal budget process are outlined.

Keywords: interaction; constitutional principles; separation of powers; public authorities; budget process

Topical aspects of legislative activity of the Russian Federation in the fi eld of strengthening information security in the context of COVID-19

Lomonosov Public Administration Journal. Series 21 2023. N 1. p.113-136

Bukharin V.

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363

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a major impact on the economy and
social relations in many countries. Faced with new challenges and threats
in this period, Russia, like other countries, was forced to pay close attention
to solving information security problems. This article is devoted to the analysis of the main changes in Russian legislation in the field of information
security during the pandemic. The author analyzed a wide range of documents
of a strategic and technical nature on issues such as cryptography and
electronic signatures, personal data, the national payment system, banking
security, etc. According to the author, due to the growing number of threats
in the information sphere, it is necessary to further improve legislation,
improvement, primarily in the field of import substitution in the IT field,
collection and storage of personal and biometric data, remote provision of
services and user identification, etc. From a managerial point of view, in the
conditions of the highest degree of development of the epidemic process,
work was carried out mainly at the managerial and technical levels. The
launch of the Special Military Operation required more decision-making
at the institutional level, using the legislative framework and methods used
in the previous period.

Keywords: information security; information sovereignty; national security; import substitution; pandemic; COVID-19; cyber-attacks; information technology; IT; digital sovereignty; cyber threats

Development of The concept of social artifi cial intelligence

Lomonosov Public Administration Journal. Series 21 2023. N 1. p.93-112

Yuri Yu. Petrunin

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456

Research in the field of artifi cial intelligence (AI) has revealed a number
of conceptual shortcomings and risks of the developed cognitive models and
AI algorithms when applied in various fields of activity. This, in particular, is
the opacity, non-verifi ability of the logic of reasoning and conclusions of AI,
not friendliness towards a person, and, as a result, distrust of a person in the
results of AI work. Distrust between artifi cial and natural intelligence leads
to a decrease in the eff ectiveness of both AI and its interaction with human
intelligence. As a way to overcome this crisis of misunderstanding, the concept
of artifi cial social intelligence (ASI) was proposed, which includes not only
cognitive aspects of intelligence, but also social (together with emotional ones).
The article sums up the results of thirty years of development of the concept
of ASI, highlights the current problems of modeling and studying ASI.

Keywords: artificial intelligence (AI); artificial social intelligence (ASI); artificial general intelligence (AGI); social computing; internet of things (IoT); epistemological-anthropic chauvinism

The role of soft power actors in the rose revolution in Georgia

Lomonosov Public Administration Journal. Series 21 2023. N 1. p.58-76

Alexander O. Naumov Naumova A.

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351

The article is devoted to the study of the role of soft power actors in
the preparation and implementation of the Rose revolution in Georgia. The
relevance of the study lies in the need to analyze the destructive activities
of these structures during the color revolutions in order to prevent such
negative scenarios in the Russian Federation and friendly states. The paper
analyzes the activities of two soft power actors who made a decisive contribution to the overthrow of the Shevardnadze regime — the “Rustavi-2” TV
company and the “Kmara” youth organization. Such issues as the history of
the creation of “Rustavi-2” and “Kmara”, the specifics of their tactics and
strategies in the preparation of the Rose revolution, direct participation in
the coup détat in November 2003 are considered. The authors conclude
that “Rustavi-2” and “Kmara” played a key role in mobilizing the protest
electorate, and also managed to introduce into the public consciousness of
Georgian citizens the thesis of falsification of the results of parliamentary
elections, which eventually became the trigger for the beginning of the active
phase of the Rose revolution, which ended with the victory of the political
opposition led by M. Saakashvili.

Keywords: Color revolutions; Soft power; Rose revolution; Georgia; “Kmara”; “Rustavi-2”; Shevardnadze; Saakashvili; Soros; “Otpor”

Priority areas for improving the institution of bankruptcy in order to ensure sustainable business development

Lomonosov Public Administration Journal. Series 21 2023. N 1. p.77-92

Ryakhovskaya A.

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320

The article analyzes the main problems of the institution of bankruptcy
that affect the development of the state economy and the business conditions
in Russia, which formed the basis for a systemic reform of the institution of
bankruptcy. The purpose of the actual research is to analyze current trends in
the development of the theory and practice of the functioning of the domestic
institution of bankruptcy and to identify priority areas for its further improvement
as a factor in increasing business sustainability in modern economic
conditions. The basis of the research methodology is formed on the basis of
general scientific principles (systematicity, objectivity, unity of theory and
practice) using general scientific and special research methods as scientific
tools, including methods of analysis and generalization, formal-logical, statistical
methods, comparative comparisons, expert assessments, etc. As a result
of the research, based on the latest achievements in the theory and practice
of bankruptcy management, the key problems that cause the low efficiency of
the functioning of the bankruptcy institution are considered, certain priority
areas for improving the institution of bankruptcy, related to the need to
increase the level of protection of bona fide participants in a bankruptcy case
and society from unscrupulous subjects of insolvency relations, are disclosed,
restrictions on the participation of persons affiliated (on formal and / or factual
grounds) with the debtor at the legislative level, ensuring appropriate educational
and the moral level of candidates for insolvency officers, the rational
use of the advantages of the development of digitalization of the economy in
the implementation of legal insolvency procedures. Further implementation
of the proposed directions will contribute to the sustainable development of
business in modern economic conditions and increase the level of confidence
of the business community in the institution of bankruptcy as one of the main
anti-crisis regulators of economic processes in society, ensuring the stability
of business turnover.

Keywords: institution of bankruptcy; insolvency (bankruptcy) procedures; intentional bankruptcy; bankruptcy management; affi liated creditors

Public administration in new geopolitical and geo-economic conditions (results of the work of the XIX international conference)

Lomonosov Public Administration Journal. Series 21 2023. N 1. p.3-57

Kudina M. Sobolev S. Ishekov K.

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381

The publication provides an overview of the XIХ International Scientific Conference “Public administration in new geopolitical and geoeconomic conditions”, annually held at the Lomonosov Moscow State University School of Public Administration. A summary of the main reports of the conference participants, results of the plenary session, sections and round tables organized by the departments and other structural subdivisions of the Faculty are presented. The aim of the conference was to discuss the most important and actual problems of management in modern conditions; to exchange scientif c and practical experience; to work out recommendations on improvement of theoretical bases of the considered phenomena. The conference was held in a mixed format in Russian and English. During the conference the following issues were discussed: economic modernization, problems of digital transformation of public administration, modern opportunities of social systems management and human resource management in the challenges of modern times, prospects for strategic planning and import substitution. Political, legal and administrative aspects of public authority functioning, national issues, peculiarities of global economy transformation under sanctions, problems of sustainable business development in the context of modern global processes were considered.

Keywords: public administration; geopolitical and geo-economic conditions; mobilization economy.; international relations; modernization; digital transformation; sustainable development; technological sovereignty; regional and municipal administration; public power; import substitution

Political “Confessions” of Joachim von Ribbentrop

Lomonosov Public Administration Journal. Series 21 2021. N 4. p.122-144

Sakharov V.A.

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367

I. von Ribbentrop’s letter to W. Churchill with information about his last conversation with Hitler is of some interest not only for historians, but also for the general public, since the problems of the origin and development of the Second World War raised in it are at the center of the ongoing ideological struggle and psychological warfare.

In his letter, I. Ribbentrop tried to present Hitler’s Germany’s policy towards England as friendly, as well as to justify his and Hitler’s non-involvement in the outbreak of World War II. He offered his own version of the origin of this war: as a consequence of the strengthening of communist propaganda in Germany, after the signing of the Non-Aggression Pact with the USSR, which threatened the unity of the German people, which caused the radicalization of National Socialism.. This version made it possible to remove or reduce Germany’s responsibility for the outbreak of World War II. Being stated, it remained unfounded, contradicting the estimates and thoughts of Hitler reported by Ribbentrop himself. Trying to justify himself, Ribbentrop talked about his disagreements with Hitler, about his negative attitude to the repressions that took place in Germany, hoping that this could ease both the situation of the defeated Germany and his own position in the new world.

An analysis of the contents of this document leads to the conclusion: the main thing that could have been positively assessed by W. Churchill in this letter and could have eased Ribbentrop’s situation was the version of the emergence of the Second World War through the fault of communist ideology and the Soviet Union. Therefore, W. Churchill’s acquaintance of I.V. Stalin with I. Ribbentrop’s letter could have some political significance as one of the arguments in favor of the version about the responsibility of the USSR for the complication of its relations with England.

Keywords: Ribbentrop, Hitler, National Socialism, England, Germany, Russia, communism, Stalin

Elections to the III State Duma: the main problems of federal electoral policy in the late 1990s

Lomonosov Public Administration Journal. Series 21 2021. N 4. p.104-121

Volgin E. I.

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359

The article is devoted to the analysis of the state electoral policy of the 1990s, it is shown that the results of the study of the political experience of the 1999 parliamentary elections in Russia can be used for a deeper understanding of modern electoral technologies. The purpose of this article is, based on the complex use of various sources (laws, press materials, electronic resources), to consider the election campaign in the Third Duma because of a contradictory, but at the same time, integral state electoral policy aimed at realizing the electoral rights of citizens and their associations. This research is based on the diachronic, systemic, comparative, and formal legal method. The author identifies the following subjects of electoral policy in the Russian Federation in the late 1990s: The President, the Federal Assembly represented by the State Duma, the highest courts, and the Central Election Commission. At the same time, the field of Russian electoral politics was a diversified and competitive environment, where none of the actors had an absolute advantage. Only close interaction of all branches of government, each of which tried to contribute to the improvement of the electoral model, contributed to the implementation of the Russian electoral policy to ensure the electoral rights of citizens.

Keywords: elections; law; electoral associations; political parties; the State Duma; the Central Election Commission; Veshnyakov

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