Koshkidko, Vladimir Georgievich

The main research problem of this article is the possibility of applying
some concepts of the neo-institutional approach to analyzing the history
of public administration system in Russia in the 19th — early 20th centuries,
as well as in the late Soviet era. Th is allows us to better understand the general
patterns of evolution of the mechanisms of state institutions functioning
in the past and present. Th e research method was case analysis; the selected
cases relate to manifestations of information asymmetry and opportunism of
subjects of state governance interactions. Th e paper examines the reaction of
government offi cials to the Decree of Alexander I of August 6, 1809 “On the
rules of promotion to ranks in the civil service and on tests in the sciences,
for promotion to Collegiate Assessors and State Councilors.” As the second
example illustrating the manifestation of “government opportunism”, the period
of the “Great Reforms” in Russia was chosen. Th e third case considered
was the development by the supreme power of normative documents ensuring
the activities of representative government bodies created in accordance with
the provisions of the Manifesto of October 17, 1905. Th e latest of the analyzed
cases were manifestations of information asymmetry and opportunism during
the perestroika period, examined using the examples of cotton pricing and the
behavior of regional government offi cials in relation to production cooperatives.
In all analyzed cases, the possession of more information by one of the parties led to an increase in mistrust between the participants in the interaction, usually
supporters of reforms and their opponents. In turn, mistrust resulted in opportunistic
behavior of subjects in the process of developing and implementing
reform plans. Ultimately, all this led to falling into institutional traps and the
consolidation of negative institutional qualities.

The article concerns the study of municipal practices of the winners of the All-Russian competition “Best Municipal Practice” 2018–2022 in the category “Strengthening of international peace and harmony, implementation of other activities in the fi eld of national policy at the municipal level”. This
question is of both scientifi c and practical interest, as it makes it possible to use this experience to harmonize international and interreligious relations in municipalities. Th e process of growth of competition participants in this nomination, which indicates the interest of the population and local governments in the development of this type of activity, is considered. Based on the study of
the practices of the competition winners, the main areas of practical activity of municipal authorities, which are the most signifi cant for the eff ective solution of problems of state national policy, are identifi ed. Examples of successful implementation of practices in all identifi ed areas, which can be used for replication by other municipalities of the country, are given.