Articles

The main strategic resource of the current development is human capital which accumulates all the intellectual, physiological labor and social potential of people, the possibility of using it to ensure a sustainable trend in the economic system development in conditions of constant turbulence, increasing uncertainty, and increasing technological progress.

The goal of the study is to assess the state of human capital at the regional level, to identify trends and factors of its formation with subsequent implementation in the regional development strategy at the stage of transition to the sixth technological order. To achieve the goal of the study, a number of tasks are formulated in the work: to determine the trends in the use of human capital as a factor in the innovative development of the economy, to assess the structural elements that form the basis of human capital, to determine the reflection of the processes of human capital formation in strategic and innovative plans for the development of territories.

The subject of the study is the economic relations arising in the process of formation and use of human capital in the development of regional economic systems at the stage of formation of the sixth technological order.

The main results of the study are to assess the state of human capital formed and used at the regional level in the context of its main components, to determine the main reasons for the high differentiation of the level of its formation in the conditions of the multistructural nature of the Russian economy. The scope of the results obtained is determined by the possibilities of forming strategic programs for regional development, taking into account human potential and the need to equalize the socio-economic situation of the territories.

The article is devoted to the managerial ideas of G.P. Maksimov, one of the most famous theorists of Russian anarchism in the late 1910s - 1930s. The author examines the concept of a "transition period" to an imperious society, developed by Maximov in the late 1920s in his work "Constructive Anarchism". For this model of socio-political structure, it was assumed that the elements of power would be preserved in a decentralized form, transferred to the elected bodies of industrial and territorial self-government of workers. The author analyzes the origins of Maximov's concept and its role in the development of the anarchist current of world social thought.

The article is devoted to the study of design thinking as a new approach used by modern companies to solve problems of various levels of complexity (and their comprehension), and the implementation of favorable opportunities. It presents a retrospective view on the development of design thinking, identifies priority sectors of its application, and reviews the definitions of the concept by leading researchers. It is shown that designers in the modern economy are beginning to play an increasingly important strategic role. This is due to the fact that the twenty-first century is becoming a century of constant innovation, and innovation for companies is becoming a survival strategy. The article provides a comparative description of two approaches (methods) to managerial decision-making (business thinking and design thinking) and discloses an algorithm for applying each of them on a specific example. The stages of the design thinking process (empathy, analysis, and synthesis, generation of ideas, prototyping, testing, storytelling) are singled out and a brief description of each of them is given. Particular attention is paid to the justification of the need to form a cross-functional team to achieve results, shows its participation in the implementation of a specific project, and formulates questions to improve the effectiveness of teamwork in business. The author analyzes the experience of applying design thinking in a particular company, which allowed it to take a leading position in its segment of the global market. It is concluded that design thinking helps company managers to rethink the essence of business, better understand the needs of their customers, identify the most profitable niches and implement appropriate innovative projects.

The article is devoted to the study of the mechanisms of integrated interaction in the regional markets of tourist and recreational services, the stabilization impact on the economy of the region of the cluster and network approach to the organization of historical and cultural tourism. The scientific novelty of the study is to identify network models of functioning of the sphere of historical and cultural tourism, which have a positive impact on the socioeconomic indicators of the territories. One of the goals and objectives of the regional strategic management is the design of optimal conditions for clusters and networks of tourism business, as it will stabilize the demand and increase the stability of service markets, in particular historical and cultural tourism, which is a relatively new direction.

The purpose of the article is to analyze the indicators of historical and cultural tourism of the region and identify trends in the formation of network interaction as a stabilizing factor of market development. Achievement of the goal is associated with such tasks as analysis of scientific and theoretical works in the field of network and cluster development of tourism; definition and classification of the main types of clusters and network models, taking into account their impact on the position of enterprises in the industry and the effects for the territories. Methods: system and situational approaches, modeling of socio-economic processes, analysis of statistics.

Results. The studied indicators of the development of historical and cultural tourism in Perm region, identified problems and limitations and also benefits of the implemented cluster and network approaches to management of development of the industry.

Main conclusions. Historical and cultural tourism is developing effectively in the conditions of integrated cluster and network interaction. On the territory of Perm region operates a cluster of historical and cultural orientation, for the effective implementation of the programme approach in the management at the regional level it is necessary to monitor the achievement of indicators and indicators that the organization of tourist activities on the regional market is a stabilizing factor.

The article discusses the creation of an economic mechanism for the sustainable development of the socio-economic system of the region as a combination of forms, methods and technologies, reflecting the features and specifics of the relationship between systemically important economic processes, as a set of interrelated organizational, technical, economic and informational measures. The types of economic mechanisms are reviewed in order to unify approaches to the analysis of the effectiveness and sustainability of regional socio-economic systems. The formulated approach to the definition of the concept of “economic mechanism” allows you to specify the subject area in order to analyze the problems of sustainable development and the causes of their occurrence. The rationale for the postulate is given that the effectiveness of the economic mechanism should be determined by the high probability of realizing the interests of the subjects, and its optimality by the presence of developed horizontal connections, and by some redundancy of information flows between the subjects for the possibility of verification and comparison of data. It is noted that the determining aspect of the formation of the economic mechanism is the formalization and structuring of business management processes at all levels of administrative responsibility.

In this article, the authors express their views on the place and role of goal-setting in the administrative process and assess the importance of constructive growth based on state strategy and the underlying public interest. They also try to prove that the presence of scientifically-grounded goals, their consistency and functional clarity are the basic conditions for state efficiency an d the high quality of state administration. The article also considers the issues of goal-setting in difficult conditions of modern-day life, in situations where strict methodological and ideological guidelines and relevant organizational, procedural and heuristic algorithms are not available. Only a “philosophical vision of the future” and normatively-approved performance indicators of the executive bodies are clearly not enough.

All this necessitates the shaping of a modern “culture of change” in the administrative apparatus and its specialists, the ability to not bureaucratically restrain or destroy, but create, multiply and stimulate, while retaining the best practices that have been accumulated throughout the state-building history and the best public administration experience; not to hamper, but implement, new things and master more effective ways. The authors define the concepts of “strategy”, “goal” and “goal-setting”, identify a number of politically-, organizationally- and functionally-interrelated target subsystems within them, and prove that the tasks of modernization and social renewal can be implemented effectively only by a stable, well-structured, highly professional state apparatus, as well as a well-organized and reputable public service.

Summary conclusion: administrative goals and measures for their effective implementation should be politically, legally and economically justified; they should reflect the deep interest of the society, and be implemented systematically and continuously. The key to success is consistency, strategic orientation, professionalism, responsibility and constructive action.

The article reveals the reasons for the increasing interest of researchers in business models. The article notes a certain coincidence in the approaches to the analysis of business models. The article shows that business model-transforming innovations are a more important source of competitive advantage in comparison with product innovations. The article summarizes the most used approaches to the analysis of business models and reveals their General drawback. The authors of the article identified two groups of criteria that must be taken into account for the correct identification of strategic business units and development of their own strategy for each of them. The paper proves that the starting point in the formation of a business model is the choice of a competitive strategy and reveals the relationship between the business strategy and the business model. The article reveals various approaches to the development of competitive strategies, a significant part of which is undervalued in the science and practice of business. The authors focus on the importance of taking into account critical (key) success factors when forming a business model.