Articles

In the article the authors consider the main directions and some controversial aspects of public participation in ensuring law and order in the Russian Federation. The study draws attention to the ambiguity of the term “social formation” used in the doctrine, insufficient material incentives for the participation of certain public formations in ensuring law and order, and modern legal modernization of the foundations of interaction between the state and civil society in ensuring constitutional law and order. Based on the analysis of Russian legislation, the authors identified several forms of participation of public formations in the protection of public order: participation of citizens in the protection of public order, freelance cooperation with internal affairs bodies, participation of citizens in the search for missing persons, public associations (public initiative bodies), public organizations, people’s guards, points of public order protection, Russian Cossacks, local government institutions (municipal bodies, territorial public self-government). Special attention is paid to the analysis of the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of July 2, 2021 No 400 “On the National Security Strategy of the Russian Federation” adopted in July 2021, which forms a consistent model of interaction between civil society and the state in the field of ensuring national security. The authors summarize that today it is important to improve the regulatory framework for establishing legal possibilities for the functioning of public formations to strengthen the constitutional order on the basis of optimal forms of cooperation with the state.

The Constitution of the Russian Federation provides that laws must not be adopted in Russia that abolish or diminish the rights and freedoms of a person and citizen (part 2 of article 55). However, the national legal system cannot be in a state of permanent homeostasis and changes in the legal regulation of legislative models for the realization of certain rights are inevitable. At the same time, the principle of maintaining the confidence of citizens in the law and the actions of state power performs the function of verifying the legal (including legislative) policy to constitutional maxima.

The difficulty is associated with the search for criteria for the permissibility of legislative transformations of conditions and the procedure for the implementation of constitutional rights, “boundary conditions,” under which such changes in legal regulation can be recognized as permissible. The article examines the various methods used by the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation to limit the discretion of the legislator in accordance with the principle of maintaining confidence in the law and the actions of state authorities.

The article analyzes the current state of foreign historiography of the color revolutions that took place in 2000–2014 in Eastern Europe and the post-Soviet space. The main concepts and approaches of leading American and European specialists are considered, problematic positions in the study of the phenomenon of color revolutions and ways to solve them are indicated. The main emphasis is placed on the study of the historiography of the color revolutions in each of the countries in which regime change during this periodtook place. The author comes to the conclusion that there are still many scientific gaps in the framework of the foreign discourse on color revolutions. This is especially true of the problem of country studies, since many issues related to the regime changein Serbia, Georgia, Ukraine and Kyrgyzstan still remain unsolved.

During the last years in Russia, the significance of public service ethics has grown. The article contains some examples of higher-profile cases of violation of ethics by public servants. To author opinion, the measures of ethical regulation in our country are fragmentary. Preventing illegal, unethical, or undesirable behavior in the public service is a complex task and requires an integrated approach, development of an integrity system for maintaining ethics. By the beginning of the XXI century, western countries had formed an idea about a set of measures to improve public service ethics, reflected in the concept of “ethical infrastructure”. It’s concluded that the comprehensive development of the ethical infrastructure of the public service will contribute to the understanding among public servants of what is permissible and unacceptable in behavior, words, and professional activities. Also, it will lead to an increase in the efficiency of the work of state authorities and strengthens public confidence in the state authorities.

The article is devoted to the consideration of anti-corruption technologies in the state civil and municipal service based on the analysis of the best practices presented in the nomination “Anti-Corruption Technologies” at the annual competition held by the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation in 2015–2019. Participation in the competition of state bodies and local self-government bodies shows not only their interest, but also an active search for new personnel technologies, which should increase the effectiveness of anti-corruption policy. Currently, the majority of anti-corruption technologies in the state and municipal service are based on information and communication platforms. This allows not only to optimize the processes, but also to increase the transparency and openness of the activities of state bodies and local self-government bodies.

The combating corruption and improving the reputation of the civil (municipal) service are important areas of national policy. The article reveals legal and ethical problems associated with the application of such grounds for dismissal as a loss of trust. Analysis of legislation, professional and official ethics codes and practice of application of “loss of trust” revealed the following trends: widening of the scope of persons dismissed due to loss of trust; difference in the grounds for dismissal due to loss of trust; ignoring the legal positions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, which enshrine the need for more detailed regulation and careful application of this measure of responsibility. A “gender portrait” of people dismissed due to loss of trust has been compiled. Proposed to create a legal definition of “loss of trust,” to clarify the cases of its application.

The article provides an ethical examination of the conformity of universal moral values to the moral practice of the modern consumer society, represented by the conceptual metaphor “era of emptiness”, reflecting the meaning of crisis/ anomie of the controlling function of basic virtues and ethical rationalism as a way of justifying and translating them. The consumer society is viewed as a stage/form of global capitalism, the defining characteristic of which is militant individual and group egoism, destroying the social community of people, generating ethical dilemmas that reflect the basic conflicts of our time. The need to resolve these conflicts is determined by the implementation of an ethical turn in theory and moral practice, the essence of which is focusing on the emotional-volitional sphere of human life as the basis of moral action. The essential characteristic of the ethical turn is the formation of applied ethics, the penetration of ethical discourse into the methodology of sciences from economics to biology and medicine, into the practice of professional communities and organizations.

The study used a transdisciplinary methodology based on the principles of consistency, evolutionism, historicism, dialectics and general scientific methods. On the basis of the analysis, the directions of development of applied ethics, the possibility of using its tools in situations of moral choice are determined.

The article examines the perception of an office romance by students studying in the specialty “public administration”, based on a sociological survey 2018–2019. The data obtained are analyzed in Statistica and WIZWHY programs using nonparametric statistics and artificial intelligence methods. The study found statistically significant influences of gender, work experience, and possible power status of the respondent on the perception of an office romance. For female respondents, the perception of an office romance is dominated by cautiously conservative organizational-centrist feelings and assessments. The respondent’s affiliation with employees (not managers), as well as the presence of work experience, is accompanied by a tendency towards a liberal, “personcentered” perception of an office romance, its moral justification. A woman’s leadership role increases awareness of the importance of gender differences at work / service. Th ere is also a slight difference between the sexes in respondents’ perception of female discrimination at work.

The article is dedicated to the thirtieth anniversary of the establishment of the Russian President o ce to be celebrated in 2021. Besides, in 2020, his immediate predecessors, the office of the USSR President, on the one hand, and the office of the Chairman of the RSFSR Supreme Council, on the other hand, would celebrate the same anniversary. the latter office is in its turn relative to the office of the USSR Supreme Council Chairman, first elected in 1989. Thus, three decades ago, our country was in the middle of the chain of events and measures aimed at transferring the functions of the head of state back to a sole leader.

The initial concentration of powers in the office of the President had been followed by a long sequence of constitutional and statutory amendments that involved significant expansion of his powers. Numerous changes had been proceeding in parallel through the following three decades. The transformation of the original concept of presidency manifested primarily in the shift of the RF President’s position within the system of separation of powers, as well as in the set of legal liability measures applicable to the President. However, in the bulk of changes in the constitutional arrangements that took place in 2020 one can see both the continuing trend to enhance the President’s position within the federal government and a recurrence to the ideas that used to be part of the original design of the USSR and of the RSFSR presidencies, but were rejected later on in the RF Constitution of 1993.

The documents reproduced below cannot be regarded as little-known or inaccessible. However, due to their high relevance, it seemed proper to reproduce their content, at least in abridged form.

The article deals with the specifics of improving the mechanism of public administration aimed at ensuring economic security in the conditions of digitalization of the economy and society, global technological and social transformations. The article analyzes the concept of “economic security” based on the works of scientists and legal acts, defines the tasks of the mechanism for ensuring economic security. These tasks related to ensuring economic security are directly solved by the Security Council of the Russian Federation and the Interdepartmental security Commission under the Security Council of the Russian Federation. It is noted that the national program “Digital economy” as a tool of public administration is one of the ways to ensure economic security in the context of the development of digital technologies in all spheres of public life. The digital economy and digitalization of society impose new requirements on the competencies of specialists in the labor market, their knowledge and skills, which exacerbates competition and demonstrates the emergence of new threats and challenges to economic security. In this regard, the article considers both the dynamics of the number of employees by level of education, 2009–2019, as well as the level of education and professional training of the population of the Russian Federation. Transformation in digital technologies requires a significant increase in the use of results of intellectual activity in the Russian Federation and the development of regional innovative clusters around the country. Based on statistical data, the features of using the results of intellectual activity in the Russian Federation are revealed. The author analyzes modern institutions for supporting the mechanism of ensuring economic security in the Russian Federation and comes to the conclusion that it needs to be improved taking into account the new threats and challenges posed by digitalization.