Articles

A series of incessant crises of the world and national economy testifies to the fact that the models of production relations and productive forces that have developed in the second half of the last century are losing their relevance due to the exhaustion of opportunities for increasing efficiency due to the evolutionary modernization of technologies and management methods. Currently, the world is at the initial stage of a new industrial revolution, in a stage of transformation when innovations from various fields of activity mutually penetrate and change each other. New, avalanche-like technologies are significantly changing the situation in the established markets. Radical reformatting of management methods, sales channels of finished products, rethinking of logistics approaches, robotization of production, all this leads to increased productivity, reduction of non-productive costs, and a change in the structure of the gross product. Commercial success comes to market participants who widely introduce and use new knowledge and technologies, to investors who are not afraid of the risks of fundamental research. The article deals with the transformation of economic entities in the form of a radical restructuring of economic ties and a change in approaches to managing the life cycle of production, operational and commercial activities of an enterprise based on digital technologies.

The article examines the issues in the areas of communications, education and healthcare which become urgent because of the crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. On the base of the reviewed content, it is concluded that the current crisis has caused the main damage to human capital and digitalization is not a panacea for the pressing problems. As a result, one of the necessary mechanisms for their solution is the organization of innovation clusters. 

The theoretical research methods used in the article are logical, statistical and deductive methods, analysis and synthesis, generalization and concretization. The empirical methods used in the article are deductive method, statistical analysis, comparison, interpretation. 

To support the thesis, the activity of innovation cluster in solving the problems is described on the basis of economic theory and real business practice during the crisis. So, self-organization and cooperation of participating enterprises, personal communication and synergy of education and work make innovation cluster the key element of innovation policy. Then, it is stated that the complexity of this mechanism is offset by the effect in the long term. 

The practical significance of the article is the application of the innovation cluster methodology in conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic crisis for the development of the future of the innovative economy.

The presented article is devoted to the current problems of the development of metropolitan agglomerations on the example of the Moscow agglomeration using the resources of interregional and inter-municipal cooperation. The Moscow metropolitan agglomeration is the largest in Europe both in terms of territory and in terms of the population living in it. Its modern structure differs from other world metropolitan agglomerations (Paris, London, Tokyo, Mexico City, etc.) in that Moscow, as the center of the agglomeration, takes the initiative of the development center of the entire Moscow megaregion. Its role is that it becomes a driver of economic growth not only for the economies of neighboring regions and municipalities of the Moscow Region, but also for municipalities of neighboring regions bordering the Moscow Region. A new model of interregional and inter-municipal interaction is being formed, significant for the state as a whole: after all, industry, business and labor resources are concentrated here, innovative high-tech products are produced. The article presents a reproductive approach to the development of agglomeration as a form of internal and external interaction of territories. The effects of this form of interaction, which are expressed in the general improvement of the quality of development of all socio-economic processes both in individual territories and in agglomeration as a whole, have been identified: intensification of migration flows both at the level of external migration and at the level of internal migration in administrative-territorial entities, increasing the degree of accessibility of public transport and social services, etc. Together, the identified private effects form a synergistic result of the transformation of a simple set of territories into a complex, interconnected, effectively functioning mechanism. The following methods were used to conduct research: comparative analysis, content analysis, graphic, system approach.

Recently, 2018 marked the centenary of such dates as the signing of the Brest peace, the establishment of diplomatic relations between Soviet Russia and Germany, and the November revolution in Germany. However, the details of the activities of the Soviet diplomatic mission in Berlin and especially in Hamburg, where the Consulate was opened, are still not fully disclosed. Discovered in the Russian state archive of socio-political history (RGASPI), the memo of Consul George Solomon touches on various aspects and aspects, including behindthe-scenes communications and negotiations, of the activities of the first soviet diplomats. The conclusion of a contract with a coal syndicate for the supply of fuel to Petrograd, assistance to fellow prisoners of war, pictures of the November revolution and the January events of 1919, the arrests of employees of the Soviet mission — all this the reader will find in the memo of Solomon, who later became a non-returning emigrant and made his name.

Relevance of the topic. The development of tourist and recreational specialization contributes to the sustainable growth of socio-economic indicators of small towns and territories, has a positive impact on employment and rejuvenation of the workforce. Attraction of tourist flows is possible by optimizing the use of resource potential and involvement in popular routes, the formation of infrastructure of new types of tourism: environmental, agricultural. Problem. Tourist and recreational resources of small towns are not used effectively, due to the remoteness of the territories from the main tourist routes and transport and logistics corridors. The purpose of the article: substantiation of the directions of increasing the efficiency of the use of tourist and recreational resources of small towns of Tula and Vladimir regions, Perm region. Methods: system approach, situational analysis, formal logical method, dialectical method of socioeconomic processes research. Results. The importance of the resource base for the development of tourism and recreation is characterized, the positive effect for the development of territories and municipalities is revealed. An important role at the present stage of formation of the prerequisites for sustainable growth of regions acquire applied research areas of natural resource, cultural, historical and infrastructure potential. The analysis of tourist and recreational resources of small towns of Tula and Vladimir regions, Perm region is presented. Economic indicators of development of the sphere of tourism of the chosen subjects of the Russian Federation are analyzed. The main problems of the use of tourist and recreational resources of small towns are identified and a set of measures to solve them is proposed. Main conclusions. The main problems of the use of tourist and recreational resources of small towns are identified and a set of measures to solve them is proposed.

The article analyzes the case of building and development of the Chinese business group in steel industry. The author reviews the concept of business groups, the purpose of their building, as well as government initiatives aimed at supporting their development in the context of the reform of state enterprises. Further, the analysis of the structure of the China Baowu Steel Group, as well as the classification of member enterprises according to the four-level management system of business groups adopted by the state bodies of China, is provided. The third part is devoted to the development of the China Baowu Steel Group in accordance with the priorities of the state industrial policy.

The article attempts to systematize the basic characteristics, goals, objectives, principles and effectiveness of the existing system of international cooperation in the field of combating corruption. In his scientific analysis, the author proceeds from the fact that the international anti-corruption cooperation is diverse and multi-level, is a set of universal relations of global, regional and cross-country level, is implemented in the mode of close international cooperation between the subjects of global governance, intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations, transnational corporations, other structures and institutions. It is shown that corruption deviations have now come to the fore in the list of priority areas in the fight not only against national but also transnational crime. Such cooperation includes a coordinated anti-corruption policy, strategy and tactics, the elaboration and ratification of relevant international agreements and treaties, their incorporation into the legislation of individual States and their subsequent implementation, taking into account national conditions, opportunities and traditions. It also takes into account the objective reality that corruption in the modern world has become a crossborder, well-organized illegal activity, steadily expanding the scope of its negative impact. It therefore requires the utmost attention from the highest levels of government, law enforcement agencies and relevant international institutions. The final part of the article assesses the role and analyzes the features of the strategic course of the Russian Federation and its law enforcement agencies in the system of international anti-corruption cooperation, presents the political and legal mechanism and management tools for the implementation of relevant international conventions, treaties and agreements. Attention is also drawn to the problem of corruption export.

The main conclusion is that anti-corruption measures, if they are to be effective, must be politically, legally and economically well-grounded, must be implemented systematically and continuously, organically combined with consolidated actions on a global scale.

The article raises the question of improving the mechanisms of interaction between state institutions and civil structures in the context of digitalization. The author explores two main challenges for modern public administration — virtualization of communication and the expansion of the network landscape of public policy, an adequate response to which allows to increase the adaptability of the political system. The author fixes the problem of the inconsistency of communication strategies used by the state in establishing a dialogue with society. At the same time, the author draws attention to a number of limitations and risks that do not allow state institutions freely use virtual communication channels. The importance of professionalizing online communication and the competent incorporation of social media into the media design of modern public administration is emphasized. Crowdsourcing practices and deliberative online forums are considered promising forms of interaction with the society through the use of Internet technologies for public administration; the conditions for their successful use are disclosed.

The subject of the study in this article is education as a dynamic system, an institution for promoting socialization, functioning in a specific sociocultural context. The purpose of the study is to determine the key elements of an educational system adequate to the needs of the contemporary society. The authors employ a trans-disciplinary methodology based on the principles of consistency, evolutionism, historicism, dialectics and general scientific methodology. The study is based on the idea of education as a technology of public consciousness programming, a process of cultural production according to the demands of a specific society.

The educational system creates and appraises various techniques for shaping a certain image of the world and a person within it, a person within society, elaborates the principles of individual identity. Educational reforms are driven by historic challenges, political and economic transformations impossible without a shift in public consciousness. School becomes a sort of laboratory for social experimentation, testing the importance of innovations for society, the possibility of answering the new challenges and the potential risks. Based on the analysis of education in the Enlightenment project of industrial society the authors identify the foundations for a modern education model and the factors that determine the necessity of a transformation in higher and secondary school systems and in pedagogical practices.

The anarchist movement played an important role in the events of the great Russian revolution of 1917–1922, both as an ally and as an opponent of the Bolshevik dictatorship. The interaction of anarchist organizations of this period with the governing structures of the RCP(b) is still a topic that has not been fully disclosed. Documents found in the Russian state archive of socio-political history and the State archive of the Russian Federation are dedicated to the events of December 1919 — April 1920, related to the attempt to form the all-Russian Union of anarchists. This project brought together representatives of the most influential anarchist organizations operating on the territory of the RSFSR. The published documents allow the reader to learn about the negotiations of anarchists with the leadership of the RCP (b) on the legalization of their activities, Amnesty and cessation of repression, as well as about the attempt to create an organization in Moscow to protect American political prisoners.