Articles

The article is devoted to study the issue of Russian franchises export potential, which is relevant due to the steady positive dynamics of Russian franchising market over the past few years and the new geopolitical reality. The purpose of this paper is to identify the main factors that indicate the readiness of domestic franchises to enter foreign markets, as well as to identify promising export regions.

The article examines the evolution of Russian franchising development, confirming its effectiveness as a way of scaling business, and resistance to eco- nomic crises. Special attention is paid to Russian franchises already operating in the international market: the main problems of going abroad are revealed, connected with the necessity of “immersion” in the local market, the difficulty of adaptation to the conditions of doing business in a new country, national peculiarities, high financial costs. At the same time, the article analyzes a set of state support measures aimed at solving the problems of entering foreign markets and stimulating the international expansion of Russian companies. The study reveals trends and prospects for the development of Russian franchise exports, considering the capabilities of the franchise model and the conditions of the new economic reality.

The development of information and communication technolo- gies and the rapid digitalization of public life are driving fundamental trans- formations of socio-economic systems into a knowledge society and a digital economy. The speed of change in recent decades leads to the fact that “tradi- tional” economic models are losing their methodological sufficiency for the modern level of science and need to be rethought. As a result, the purpose of the article is to propose an upd ated model of human economic behavior in the context of digital transformation based on an analysis of the evolution of economic behavior models. To achieve the goal of the study, the following tasks were se t: to analyze models of human economic behavior in economics and the humanities; highlight key aspects of digitalization that significantly influence changes in the socio-economic sphere of public life; characterize changes in human economic behavior generated by the digital transformation of society. As a result of the study, factors determining economic behavior in the digital economy were identified. These include: facilitating access to information as a basic consumption product; the emergence of a new form of property (intel- lectual property) and new objects of property (information products); chang- ing relations between producers and consumers, employers and employees; the formation of a “sharing” economy as an innovative form of trade.

The article shows the significant impact of the digital economy on chang- ing the model of human economic behavior. A model of economic behavior is understood as a system, the elements of which determine the guidelines and choices of a person in the economic sphere. These include: the presence of objective limitations and subjective preferences of the individual, the ability to assess possible behavior options, analysis of information, choice of behavior model. In addition to these constant determinants of economic behavior, the model also contains variable factors influencing economic choice. These in- clude: attitude towards information and the ability to access it, motivation for economic activity, rationality of actions and irrationality in decision making, goal setting as a system-forming function of the individual. Variable elements undergo significant transformations, which must be taken into account in the updated model of the behavior of “economic homo.” 

The aim of the paper is to develop methodological approaches to the formation of a multi-level system of public administration for sustainable development on the example of Russia and China. The proposed approaches include: general characteristics of the sustainable development management system (subject, object, forms, principles, methods, result), formalization of project selection, principles for identifying project relationships, tools for pri- oritizing projects, a model for monitoring program performance. Multilevel implies integration not only at the national, mezzo and micro levels, but also at the supranational level — the participation of the United Nations and other international organizations, the implementation of joint projects, primarily with friendly countries. Developed on the example of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) No. 13 “Taking urgent measures to combat climate change and its con- sequences”, the network management model allows formalizing the choice of projects constituting the program, principles and approaches to identifying the interconnection of projects, tools for prioritizing projects, and can be extrapo- lated to other SDGs with high network ranks (the degree of mutual influence on other SDGs). To assess the quality of public administration for sustainable development, the following indicators are proposed: the complexity of national programs and the quality of goal setting, adaptability and flexibility of state institutions in implementing sustainable development goals; business involve- ment in the transition to sustainable development; efficiency and effectiveness of the management system; compliance of legislation and law enforcement with sustainable development objectives; the level of achievement of planned results by the managed system; the degree of publicity when assessment of sustainable projects. Such a set of indicators makes it possible to integrate the assessment of the managed and the management system, to highlight the role of the manage- ment system in the results achieved by the managed system.

Based on the data of the Bank of Russia, a significant decrease in the role of the US currency in the Russian Federation during export-import operations servicing and exchange trading was revealed. It is stated that these processes conflict with the subjective perception of the US dollar as the world’s leading currency, as well as the generally accepted representation of its exchange rate in the media. The conclusion is formulated about the negative impact of the imbalance of the objective value and subjective perception of the dollar on ensuring price stability in the Russian market of goods, works and services: increased attention to the dynamics of its exchange rate is still transmitted to the price level through the mechanism of inflationary expectations, despite the decrease in the real prerequisites for this process.

As a solution to the identified problem, a number of organizational and managerial measures are proposed. They are aimed at the “emotional and psy- chological depreciation” of the US dollar among Russian citizens: firstly, the mode of publication by the Bank of Russia of official foreign exchange rates against the ruble should be changed; secondly, it is necessary to adjust the sequence of representation of data on exchange rates on state information resources; Thirdly, it is necessary to intensify information and explanatory work on the role of the US currency in the Russian economy and financial system by officials and unofficial speakers.

Analytical and statistical methods were used in the study. 

The publication provides an overview of the 20th International Scientifi c Conference “Public Administration in New Geopolitical and Geo-Economic Conditions”, held annually at the Faculty of Public Administration of M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University. During the conference, new trends in the science and practice of public administration, challenges of the modern world economy, problems and prospects of digital transformation of public administration, problems of regional and municipal management, features of staffing the public administration system, prospects for strategic planning, challenges and prospects of Eurasian integration, the role of BRICS countries on the path to establishing a new world order, issues of anti-crisis management of the public and commercial sectors, modern capabilities for managing social systems and personnel management in the face of the challenges of new times. The economic, political, legal aspects of the functioning of public authority, national issues, historical processes, social transformations, issues of sustainable development of the state, crisis phenomena at the macro-, meso- and micro levels, problems of sustainable business development in the context of modern global processes, new personnel technologies of domestic companies are considered.

The article is dedicated to the 30th anniversary of the Faculty of Public Administration of Lomonosov Moscow State University and sums up the 25-year period of work of the Department of Management Sociology. However, the department has its own, longer history, going back to the so-called “post-
Stalin” period, when large-scale historical changes in education and science began. In this story, “the time spent is measured by formations”, the change of which took place with stunning rapidity — within the time limits of one generation in science, which had the task of comprehending the changes taking place,
conceptualizing them within a certain disciplinary framework and at the same time ensuring a continuous educational process and reproduction of scientific and pedagogical personnel. It is precisely such tipping points that will become the subject of our research memoir.

The digital transformation of public administration requires a significant change in the training of students in the fi eld of state and municipal administration (SMA), who possess a wide range of digital competencies. The foundation for the formation of digital competencies is the basic and special
disciplines of mathematics and computer science. The purpose of this article is to determine the optimal trajectory of students’ education to obtain the necessary competencies. For this purpose, the article consistently examines and solves the problems of the essence of digital competencies (1), the specifi c
features of teaching mathematics and computer science to students in the area of SMA (2), the interaction of these courses with other courses in the area of SMA (3), the content, scope and sequence of these courses (4). Conclusions and suggestions are based on generalization rich experience of Lomonosov Moscow State University, one of the fi rst Russian universities that opened
SMA education, based on the analysis of domestic and foreign literature, as well as regulatory documents governing the digital transformation of public administration.

Assessment of a development level of a territory can be based on various principles. Depending on the approach used and the assessment of a development level obtained on its basis, methods, mechanisms, and ways to improve the situation of the region will be selected. But the most common
approach to regional (or municipal) development is the formation of a system
primarily focused on socio-economic indicators. Th e study object is to develop a
new approach to assessing the level of territory spatial development (municipal unit, region, macro region, state), focused on identifying trends in processes’ changes occurring in the space of the selected territory and characterizing its space. Th e results of the presented study are the systematization of various approaches to assessing the spatial development level of a territory, based on the
identification of general and specific characteristics of each. Particular attention
is paid to determining the spatial development level of a territory as a process, in contrast to the existing assessment of the territory’s spatial development as a status. The assessment procedures are aimed at shaping the subsequent actions of the spatial development institutions. The following general scientifi c and specific methods were used in the study: content analysis, comparative analysis of approaches
to assessing the spatial development of territories, analysis of statistical indicators that determine the spatial state of a territory at diff erent levels. The result obtained is the addition and expansion of existing approaches to assessing the spatial development level of a region as a dynamic process, identifying the main stakeholders in the use of the analysis results and their functional roles.

The article is devoted to the study of the phenomenon of digital profile and the specifi cs of its use in public administration. Based on the analysis of legal acts and literature, two defi nitions of digital profi le in the narrow and broad sense are formulated. Due to the fact that a digital profi le has an
“owner” who can dispose of the information (data) constituting the profi le itself, it is concluded that a digital profi le can be only for subjects of social relations (individuals, organizations, public-law entities), and objects can only have a digital passport containing its characteristics. Th e study of foreign experience in the application of digital profi les has shown its signifi cance for the digital
transformation of public administration. The creation of digital profi les in the management system promotes automation, optimization and typologization of the public sector, transforming this area towards openness, proactivity and personalization. Th e emergence of states in metaverses, the creation of their own state (municipal) metaverses confi rms the need to improve the phenomenon of
digital profi le in order to form digital avatars that allow the state, society and citizens to interact in the digital space.

This article presents the results of a sociological survey conducted by RANEPA in 2022 and 2023. The survey collected data on eight directions of digital interaction between citizens and the state. The results diff er from the administrative and statistical data collected by the state, which assess citizens’
views on the effectiveness of digital interaction with the state. The current administrative
and statistical data are generally limited to the assessment of citizens’ satisfaction with the quality of public services provided in electronic form, but this paper also looks at other directions of interaction between citizens and the state. Citizens’ assessment of the eff ectiveness of digital interaction with the
state varies according to the direction (objective) of interaction. Satisfaction with the use of digital formats for interaction with the state exceeds 55% in 7 of the 8 directions considered. There is a positive trend in the level of satisfaction compared to 2022.